电梯井加压送风全尺寸火灾试验研究

为了研究电梯井烟囱效应、电梯运行活塞效应对电梯井加压送风的影响,获得电梯井有效防烟的临界参数,在10层高的建筑内,利用一部运行速度为1.5 m/s的电梯,开展全尺寸火灾试验。试验包括正、逆烟囱效应的工况,火灾发生在房间和通道的工况,在此基础上得到单梯井低速电梯在火灾中运行的气流特性和压差变化,电梯井有效防烟的技术参数。研究结果表明,合理的电梯井加压送风能够有效控制火灾烟气,使火灾时使用电梯疏散具有可行性。     

大型料场喷水抑尘装置的应用

在大型料场堆料机上设计安装喷水抑尘装置可取得很好的降尘效果     

“烟塔合一”脱硫技术应用中应注意的问题

以山阴电厂2×300MW机组烟气排放系统采用的烟囱、间冷塔、吸收塔"三塔合一"项目为例,分析了湿法脱硫技术运用在烟塔合一项目中的特点及所需要注意的问题。     

烟气脱硫改造工程中的老烟囱防腐措施

湿法脱硫后的烟气含水量大，湿度高，烟气各项性能指标发生了变化，致使烟气具有强腐蚀性，从而带来了老烟囱如何防腐的问题。目前国内还缺乏老烟囱防腐改造经验，主要借鉴国外技术和经验。对玻璃鳞片胶泥衬里防腐、进口砖板衬里防腐、整体面层防腐3种方案进行了比较，结果表明：整体面层体系是老烟囱防腐改造较理想的措施。     

Modeling of NO x Emissions from Oil Refinery Furnaces

The current paper investigates the possibility of establishing an empirically based model for predicting the emission rate of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) from oil refinery furnaces, in order to continually track emissions with respect to environmental licence limits. Model input data were collected by direct stack monitoring using an electrochemical cell NO _x analyser, as well as a range of telemetry sensors to obtain refinery process parameters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), in conjunction with Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression was then used to build a series of models able to predict NO _x emissions from the furnaces. The models produced were proven to be robust, with a relatively high accuracy, and are able to predict NO _x levels over the range of operating conditions which were sampled. It was found that due to structural/operational variations a separate model is usually required for each furnace. The models can be integrated with the refinery operating system to predict NO _x emission rates on a continuous basis. Two models representing structurally different furnaces are considered in this paper. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Characterisation of particulate matter emissions from the Zimbabwe Mining and Smelting Company (ZIMASCO) Kwekwe Division (Zimbabwe): a ferrochrome smelter

Particulate matter emissions from stack number 2 of a majorferrochrome smelter, Zimbabwe Mining and Smelting Company(ZIMASCO) were characterized and the rates at which the elementsCr, Fe, Cu and Zn and total ferrochrome dust are emitted into theatmosphere were determined. The extent of soil contamination bythe dust deposited around the smelter in the generally prevailingsoutheasterly wind direction around the smelter was carried out.The highest concentrations of Cr and Fe occurred in the fineparticulates of sizes less than 59 m whilst that of Cu and Znoccurred in the coarse particulates of size range 70-100 m.The emission rates from stack 2 were; total ferrochromeparticulates 62.17 kg h^-1, Cr 6.217 kg h^-1, Fe 2.423 kg h^-1, Zn42 mg h^-1 and 6 mg h^-1 for Cu. Particulate matter was emitted at arate of 289 mg m^-3 from stack number 2. This value exceeds thelegal limit of 200 mg m^-3. Chromium and iron are the metalsin the largest amounts. The particles that constitute the largestproportion of the dust were in the range of 58-107.5 m. Thisis a characteristic feature of the particulate matter emissionsfrom ZIMASCO. Soils in the downwind direction from the smelterwere polluted with Cr up to a distance of about 700 m outward fromthe perimeter of the boundary of the smelter.     

PCBs contributions to the total TEQ released from Korean municipal and industrial waste incinerators

Non-ortho and mono-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in the stack gases and the fly-ash from nine Korean municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs). Soil samples collected near MSWI and industrial waste incinerator (IWI) sites were also examined for PCBs. The PCBs levels in the stack gas samples ranged between 0.0046 and 12.0 TEQ-ng/Nm³. The PCB homologue profiles were distinct for the stack gas samples and different from the fly-ash. PCBs levels in soil samples collected near MSWIs and IWI ranged between 0.86 and 19.73 TEQ-ng/g with background levels of 0.17 TEQ-ng/g. The lower chlorination PCBs were dominant in the soil samples. The stack emission PCBs homologue patterns were compared to those detected in the soil samples. The findings suggest that localized point sources as well air mass movement contribute to the deposition of PCBs onto soil.     

燃煤电厂湿烟囱降雨成因分析

湿烟囱周边降雨现象是许多电厂和脱硫机组运行中的常见问题,对烟囱雨成因的研究是治理烟囱雨的关键.本研究对某火电厂脱硫后湿烟气进行现场采样,分析内容包括:脱硫后净烟气携带浆液量、烟道内冷凝水和烟囱周边采集的降雨雨滴,通过液态样品和固体颗粒物的物化分析,进行烟囱雨的源解析.液态样品分析结果表明,该电厂脱硫机组除雾器运行良好,达到除雾器性能保证值,但烟气携带浆液量在湿烟道中沿程增加,烟道疏水冷凝液中硫酸盐浓度沿程增大,有明显的累积现象,发生二次夹带的可能性很大,因此该燃煤电厂主要因湿烟道/湿烟囱内疏水系统运行不佳引起湿烟气卷携内衬壁面液滴而形成烟囱雨.烟囱雨中固体颗粒物的主要成分为复合碳酸盐、硅铝酸盐,尽管飞灰浓度满足脱硫系统运行要求,但固体颗粒物源解析结果表明,飞灰对烟囱雨的贡献率达60%.由于烟囱雨与烟道/烟囱冷凝液成分最为接近,因此对湿烟道/湿烟囱改造、强化疏水、避免因饱和水蒸汽冷凝形成的冷凝液在烟道/烟囱内积累是治理烟囱雨的有效措施.     

石横一期烟囱冲洗水及排液系统改造

介绍了石横电厂一期烟气脱硫技改项目中烟囱及入口烟道排液系统改造情况，论述了烟囱及烟道排液系统改造要点、运行方式，提出了烟囱排液系统的改造方案。     

脱硫装置采用钢与混凝土组合湿烟囱探讨

烟气脱硫装置采用湿烟囱排放可降低工程投资,降低电耗、水耗和年运行费。介绍了一种钢与混凝土组合湿烟囱,烟囱底部是混凝土部分,上部是钢烟囱;烟囱采用内壁涂抹环氧乙烯基玻璃鳞片树脂进行防腐。